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Sterilisation – Packaging

The sterilization of surgical instruments in dental practices is a fundamental pillar in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. However, sterilization is only effective if it is preceded by a meticulous preparation process, including cleaning, drying, and—crucially—proper packaging. This article outlines best practices for packaging instruments prior to sterilization, a step that is often overlooked but essential to maintaining asepsis until the moment of use.

1. why package before sterilization?

Packaging serves a dual purpose:

To allow penetration of the sterilizing agent (steam, dry heat, gas, etc.) during the sterilization cycle

To preserve the sterility of instruments after the cycle until their use

Improper or poorly sealed packaging compromises the entire sterilization process. According to HAS, non-compliant packaging is equivalent to non-sterilization.

2. criteria for proper packaging

Sterilization packaging must comply with current standards, particularly EN ISO 11607-1, which defines performance requirements for packaging materials used with sterilized medical devices.

Key requirements include:

Controlled permeability to the sterilizing agent

Microbiological barrier post-sterilization

Mechanical resistance to tearing

Absence of toxicity

Easy, contamination-free opening

3. available packaging materials

Heat-sealable pouches and reels:

Used primarily for small instruments. They combine a medical-grade paper side and a transparent film side and must be sealed using an approved heat sealer.

Rigid containers:

Used for larger instrument sets. They provide maximum physical protection and are reusable.

Non-woven wraps:

Compliant with EN 868, used in a double wrapping technique (cross-folded layers) for trays or surgical sets.

4. best practices for packaging before sterilization

Complete drying: no moisture should remain on instruments prior to packaging

Visual inspection: verify the integrity of each instrument

Use of indicators: place internal and external chemical indicators in each package

Labeling: each package should display the sterilization date, cycle number, operator name, and expiration date

Autoclave loading: avoid overloading and follow manufacturer instructions to ensure optimal steam circulation

5. shelf life after sterilization

The sterile shelf life of a packaged item depends on several factors:

Type of packaging

Storage conditions (cleanliness, humidity, dust-free environment)

Integrity of the packaging (no tears, no moisture traces)

As a general guideline, well-stored sterile pouches can maintain sterility for up to 6 months. Regular stock rotation is essential.

conclusion

Proper packaging of instruments prior to sterilization is a critical part of the asepsis protocol. Compliant, well-executed, and traceable packaging not only guarantees sterility but also ensures safety for both patients and clinical staff.